In contrast, no changes in serum levels of CCL2, CCL3, CCL8, CCL11, CCL17, CCL19, CCL21, CCL23, CCL24, CCL26, CCL27, CXCL9, CX3CL1, IL6, IL8, IL10, and IFN-γ were found either between the two groups of patients with gastroduodenitis, or between juveniles with gastroduodenitis and the control group. Here, CXCL9 is linked to gastroduodenitis.