GFAP and depressive symptom measurement: Studies in postmortem human depressed subjects and animal models of depression demonstrate reduced immunoreactivity of GFAP (GFAP-IR) and GLT-1 protein expression (Czeh et al., 2006; Banasr and Duman, 2008; Ye et al., 2011; Araya-Callis et al., 2012).