Taking the neurohumoral activation in patients with severe DCM and considering the differences of the β-adrenergic receptor pathophysiology between paediatric and adult patients with DCM, in our institution17 all infants and children undergoing rPAB are being treated with a β1-specific β-blocker (bisoprolol), a tissue ACE inhibitor (lisinopril) and a mineralocorticoid blocker (spironolactone), while we avoid other diuretics to the extent that is possible. The gene discussed is ACE; the disease is familial dilated cardiomyopathy.