In contrast, M1-like macrophages elicit cytotoxic responses from CD8+ T cells, through the secretion of IL-12, IL-18, type I IFNs, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) (31, 52, 53), and can directly kill tumor cells through the release of nitric oxide (NO) (53). The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is neoplasm.