CD8A and neoplasm: Thus far, evidence has been gained regarding the effects of hAAT on in vivo tumor immunology with the particular observation of M1-like macrophage polarization and associated induction of CD8+ T cell antitumor cytotoxicity, an intriguing opposite trend to the overall knowledgebase regarding hAAT and inflammation (4, 5, 9, 14, 17, 60).