RAF1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Firstly, RAF1 is found downregulated in a non-selected cohort of human HCC samples; secondly, modelling RAF1 downregulation in human HCC cells, in culture or in xenografts, increases cell proliferation; and thirdly, the same results are obtained in two independent genetic models (AlfpCre and MxCre-induced RAF1 ablation in the DEN/PB-treated mice) and in premalignant hepatocytes derived from these models.