IFIH1 and type 1 diabetes mellitus: Similarly, the expression levels of a number of the identified DEGs including PRRs (e.g. the IFIH1/MDA5 gene itself and DDX58/RIG-I), and genes encoding proteins involved in cellular antiviral defence (e.g. Mx1/MXA) or recruitment of lymphocytes and with relevance for T1D (CXCL1033) (Fig. 2c,e,f) were elevated.