EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as gefitinib and erlotinib, have been proven to be effective for advanced NSCLC patients with EGFR activating mutations (exon 19 deletion or exon 21 L858R point mutation) compared with traditional platinum-based doublet chemotherapy [1–4].