We first examined the antiproliferation effect of JNJ-165 on primary cells from 24 newly diagnosed patients with CML, 9 patients with CML-AP/BC, and 13 cases with CML-CP treated with Imatinib or dasatinib, in whom expression of BCR/ABL mRNA determined by real time RT-PCR was very low or undetectable. Here, BCR is linked to chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.