INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus: Approximately 70–90% of newly diagnosed cases of T1DM correspond to T1ADM.[3] These patients are identified by the presence of at least one of the following antibodies: anti-islet cell antibodies (AICA), anti-insulin antibodies (IAA), antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD-65), insulinoma-associated autoantigen 2 (IA-2 or ICA512) and antibodies against Zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8).[4] In contrast, patients with type 1 idiopathic DM (T1BDM) do not exhibit signs of self-autoimmunity.