Notably, Cdk5 and Rgl2, positive regulators or RALB activation, were both enriched in relapsed NRI AMLs compared with de novo NRD AML.33, 34Ralb was also upregulated in relapsed NRI AMLs, and RALB effectors including components of the nuclear factor-κB transcriptional complex, Nfkb1 and Rel, and prosurvival Bcl2 were also enriched in relapse NRI AMLs compared with de novo NRD AML. This evidence concerns the gene BCL2 and acute myeloid leukemia.