TGFB1 and Huntington disease: However, as microglia and astrocytes both express TGFβ1 and are inextricably involved in these neuroprotective processes [31], [32], [33], [34], the culture of neuronal-like cells in isolation from these other neural cell types will not be fully sufficient for the elucidation of the potential neuroprotective effects of increased TGFβ1 in models of HD.