INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Themain result was that attenuation of insulin signalling in Type 2 diabetes isexplained by an attenuated feedback from the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)complex 1 (mTORC1) to phosphorylation of insulin receptor (IR) substrate-1 (IRS1)at Ser307 (human sequence) [1–4] in combinationwith reduced abundance of IR, glucose transporters (GLUT4), the ribosomal proteinS6, AS160 and FOXO1 [5].