In an in vitro model of obesity, 3T3-L1 adipocytes stimulated by LPS and RAW-CM presented increased IL-6 gene expression, as well as TNF-α and IL-6 cytokine production, but decreased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ gene levels [30]. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.