With brain neoplasms, the E2-responsive NRF1 target genes are PCNA, PTCH1, and RELA. These genes are also responsive to the following EEDCs: ethinyl estradiol (PCNA and PTCH1), BPA (PCNA and RELA), dibutyl phthalate (PCNA and PTCH1), cadmium (RELA), arsenic (PCNA and PTCH1), and manganese (RELA) (Table 5). Here, RELA is linked to brain cancer.