Moreover, univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses demonstrated that serum IL-34 remained a significant independent risk factor for CAD among HF patients, as well as when adjusted for age, gender, BMI, smoking, history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, statin use, and laboratory tests including triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), hsCRP (Table 4). Here, IL34 is linked to diabetes mellitus.