Of relevance for a pro-inflammatory potential, Gal-3 of synovial fibroblasts of OA and RA patients, in a paracrine manner, appears to be a co-mediator in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced interleukin (IL)-6 secretion using Toll-like pattern-recognition receptors (TLRs) as sensors25. The gene discussed is LGALS3; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.