This finding explains that indirect antioxidant effects of RES (increased activity of phase II enzymes e.g. MnSOD) in CAD patients might be regulated through protective signaling pathways other than β-catenin/FOXO pathway; e.g. NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1(SIRT1) /FOXO3a or Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor activation (34, 35). This evidence concerns the gene FOXO3 and coronary artery disorder.