Multiple logistic regression analysis (Table 3) has demonstrated that PMTG and SD of FPG were associated with progression of nephropathy independently of SD of PMTG, mean FPG, age, sex, BMI, waist circumference, diabetes duration and therapy, means and SDs of HbA1c, FTG and systolic BP, baseline ACR, smoking status, and uses of antihypertensive and lipid-lowering medications. The gene discussed is ACR; the disease is kidney disorder.