There is increasing evidence that hyperglycemia-induced inflammatory processes, including activation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), have a considerable role in the pathogenesis of DR [5]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is Hyperglycemia.