VHL and neoplasm: The tumour suppressor, von Hippel-Lindau (pVHL) protein binds to hydroxylated HIF-1α and recruits an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that includes Elongin-B, Elongin-C and Cullin2, thereby promoting ubiquitination and 26S proteasome-mediated degradation of HIF-1α25, 26.