Our study revealed that EGFR was up-regulated (fold-change = 2.14) in the subtype 1 of ESCC, but not obviously up-regulated (fold-change = 1.59) in the subtype 2, which indicated that EGFR might be a potential molecular marker to identify the subtypes of ESCC. This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.