TGFB1 and pulmonary fibrosis: Most of the studies have failed to establish a relationship between TGF-β1 serum levels and clinical features in SSc patients [7–9] but, in our study, we demonstrated a significant association between higher serum TGF-β1 levels and diffuse subset, digital ulcers, lung fibrosis, skin involvement, and positive antitopoisomerase I.