Given that enhancing mGluR signaling in the NAc blocks cocaine relapse and craving (Loweth et al., 2013) and that eIF2α is a key regulator of mGluR-LTD and cocaine-induced LTP, we propose that modulators of p-eIF2α-mediated translational control may be useful in the treatment of cocaine addiction. This evidence concerns the gene EIF2A and cocaine dependence.