There are several studies implicating single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) present in those five miRNA biogenesis pathway genes were link with cancer risk, e.g., rs10719 T>C in DROSHA; rs417309 G>A and rs1640299 T>G in DGCR8; rs11077 in XPO5; rs14035 C>T and rs3803012 A>G in RAN; and rs1057035 T>C, rs3742330 A>G, and rs13078 T>A in DICER1. However, the conclusions of previous studies remain inconsistent. Here, XPO5 is linked to cancer.