HSPA5 and hemorrhage: Contemporaneously with our studies, two groups of researchers demonstrated that the expression of GRP78 was essential for Ebola virus reproduction in vitro with molecular knock down of GRP78 in vivo protecting mice from Ebola virus lethality, and that OSU-03012 prevented the replication of hemorrhagic fever viruses in vitro, including Ebola and Marburg [24,25].