MARK2 and breast carcinoma: In vitro studies have shown that activation of Rac1 promotes metastatic behavior of breast cancer cells.32,33CALM2 is a member of the gene family (CALM1, CALM2, and CALM3) that encodes the calcium-binding protein calmodulin, involved in cell growth, differentiation, proliferation, and survival.34,35CSNK2A1 codes a serine/threonine kinase (CK2) that participates in diverse signaling pathways involved in control of the cell cycle, and apoptosis among other cellular processes.36BRAF codes a protein member of the family of Raf serine/threonine kinases that regulate signaling of the MAPK pathway.