To assess whether genetic variation in the insulin, IGF, GH, and LEP pathways affect risk of breast cancer in African-American women, we conducted gene-based analysis of 184 genes in these pathways in the African American Breast Cancer Epidemiology and Risk (AMBER) consortium in relation to overall risk of breast cancer, and ER+ and ER− breast cancer subtypes. Here, GH1 is linked to breast carcinoma.