VCAN and hepatocellular carcinoma: One study showed that Versican acts on macrophages through TLR2/TLR6, leading to the production of inflammatory cytokines that enhance metastasis.25 A recent study has shown that forkhead box Q1-induced VersicanV1 expression promotes HCC metastasis.20 Our in vitro invasion assay showed that knocking down Versican in HCC without macrophages reduced HCC invasion, suggesting that it is partially independent of macrophages.