To dissect the effects of TLR activation, we treated two of the established pancreatic cancer cell lines (BxPC-3 and MIAPaCa-2) and one primary pancreatic cancer cell line (PaCaDD135) with TLR specific ligands (LTA for TLR2, LPS for TLR4, ODN for TLR9) and a non-specific ligand (HMGB1). The gene discussed is TLR9; the disease is familial pancreatic carcinoma.