MMP9 and glioma: 2015; Rajadurai & Stanely Mainzen Prince 2006; Chtourou et al. 2015). Nar treatment reduced the enzymatic activity and protein level of MMP-9 in U87cells (Aroui et al. 2016a). Aroui et al. (2016b) showed that different concentrations of Nar decreased the level of MMP-9 expression in U251 glioma cells. Lee et al. (2009) reported that Nar treatment suppressed MMP-9 expression via the transcription factors NF-κB and activator protein-1 in TNF-α-induced vascular smooth muscle cells.