Decreased levels of myelin basic protein (MBP) were demonstrated (Fig. 3b, c) and indicate that developmental exposure to BMAA could induce structural effects on axonal growth and/or directly on the proliferation of oligodendrocytes and myelination, which might be important for the observed long-term cognitive impairments (Karlsson et al. 2014). Here, MBP is linked to Cognitive impairment.