SOCS1 and colitis: In the present study, 7 days after TNBS-induced colitis was treated by curcumin, colonic mucosa damage was attenuated, phosphorylation of the three members (JAK2, STAT3, and STAT6) in the JAK/STAT/SOCS signaling pathway were inhibited, and the three downstream proteins (SOCS1, SOCS, and PIAS3) of this signaling pathway were highly expressed.