VPS35 and Parkinson disease: In 2011, two different studies carried out in selected kindreds affected by Parkinson's disease (PD) by using next-generation sequencing (NGS) identified an aspartic-acid-to-asparagine mutation within VPS35 gene (p.Asp620Asn) (Vilariño-Güell et al., 2011; Zimprich et al., 2011).