The effects of LDLs on signaling molecules such as ERK, AKT, and STAT3 that mediate growth and proliferation of CLL cells were then studied by immunoblotting following 18 h of activation (Li et al., 2015, Longo et al., 2008, Yaktapour et al., 2014). The gene discussed is STAT3; the disease is B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.