STAT3 is phosphorylated by a number of cytokines including IL6 and type 1 interferons (IFNs) following activation of CLL cells by IL2 and resiquimod (Tomic et al., 2011; Li et al., 2015; Spaner et al., 2016) but we focused first on IL10. The gene discussed is IL10; the disease is B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.