Of note, all intestinal T-cell clones produced high concentrations of TNF-α (Fig. 3), particularly upon stimulation with PMA plus insoluble anti-CD3 antibody in the absence of APCs (mean ± SE, 5.2 ± 0.7 ng/mL per 106 T cells), suggesting that high TNF-α production was a peculiar property of intestinal T cells of patients with BD, because under the same experimental conditions, in the series of intestinal T-cell clones from 10 healthy controls TNF-α-producing clones were 78%, with a mean (±SE) production of 1.3 ± 0.6 ng/mL per 106 T cells (P < 0.05). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is Behcet disease.