It has been reported to reduce injuries in several models of neurodegenerative disorders by inducing MTOR-dependent autophagy.34 Sheng et al. also demonstrated neuroprotection properties of rapamycin in rat focal cerebral ischemia preconditioning.35 Moreover, it has been reported that rapamycin provided neuroprotection in a neonatal-hypoxia-ischemia model by activating autophagy and inhibiting apoptosis.36 Interestingly, we found that rapamycin reversed the autophagic inhibition and ER stress in primary mouse astrocytes-treated HHcy (Figures 7a–f). The gene discussed is MTOR; the disease is ischemia.