Although neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) directed to EBV envelope glycoproteins are present in humans, prevent neonatal infection, and are generated in response to EBV infection in humans, or to immunization with virus glycoproteins in humans and other animals [3, 36, 37], persistent EBV infection and evidence of limited immune selection of viral antigenic variants indicate that in vivo neutralization of EBV infection is suboptimal. The gene discussed is ERVW-1; the disease is Epstein-Barr virus infection.