Anti-diabetes screenings include evaluation of the functioning of specific enzymes involved in sugar metabolism, in both rat models and patients (e.g., α-amylase, α-glucosidase, N-acetyl-glucosaminidase, aldose reductase, hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphatase, dipeptidyl peptidase IV, glucose transporter 4, and glycogen synthase kinase-3β) [24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31]. This evidence concerns the gene AKR1B1 and diabetes mellitus.