VCAM1 and tuberous sclerosis: To further characterize the TSC lines we performed PCR analysis for IL-7, CCL21, CXCL10, CXCL12, CXCL13, TRANCE, LTβR, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1, all of which are known to be produced by lymphoid stromal cells [29], and CEBPA, which is associated with myeloid cells [30] as a negative control.