However, the expressions of mRNAs of CAMK1 (MR, n = 14, normal subjects, n = 6; 18.57±0.24 vs. 17.43±0.43, P = 0.043) and PPP3R1 (MR, n = 14, normal subjects, n = 6; 14.69±0.42 vs. 13.06±0.27, P = 0.017) in the left atrial free wall were significantly down-regulated in the MR patients compared to normal subjects. This evidence concerns the gene PPP3R1 and miotic rate.