Our analysis showed that a few enriched KEGG pathways were related to the ‘immune system' and ‘viral infection', such as tuberculosis, graft-versus-host disease, type I diabetes mellitus and autoimmune thyroid disease. In confirmation of the gene expression profile data shown in Table 1, sPIF treatment in EVT seems to affect olfactory signal transduction. Finally, the observed expression changes seem to be highly associated with ‘tumorigenesis pathways', such as pathways in cancer, apoptosis, and p53 signaling pathway. This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and cancer.