TNF and susceptibility to pneumonia measurement: In patients with pneumonia at hospital admission, IL-10 was associated to lymphocytosis (P = 0.025), and in patients with severe pneumonia, the proliferation of defense cells was demonstrated by the positive association between IL-6 levels and leukocyte count (P = 0.045) and the levels of TNF (P = 0.025) and IL-1β (P = 0.040) with monocytosis (Table 2).