PNPLA3 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Previous studies have provided evidence of the main effect of the PNPLA3 rs738409 polymorphism on NAFLD [6–8], and also its interaction with behavioral risk factors including total carbohydrate (specifically sugar) [9], high omega-6/omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) ratio [10], high sweetened beverage intake and low vegetable intake [11].