Irrespective of etiology and varying upstream mechanisms, deposition of alpha-synuclein (aSyn) is a defining pathological feature of PD and is increasingly being understood to be involved in synaptic dysfunction [4–6] and axonal transport deficits [7, 8] and produces ER-Golgi stress [9, 10], to name a few key cell biological processes. The gene discussed is SNCA; the disease is Parkinson disease.