CCND1 and colorectal carcinoma: Considering that β-catenin translocation into the nucleus where it activates downstream target genes including c-myc, cyclin-D1 and ZEB1 to promote cell proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis [30, 31], we then detected nuclear translocation of β-catenin and one of its downstream target genes cyclin D1 expression in hepatocellular and colorectal carcinomas.