To elucidate the anti-proliferative effects of 12 in human cancer cell lines,65, 66, 67 we investigated its ability to block the growth of MB, BCC and prostate cancer cells, which are convenient model for monitoring the pharmacological inhibition of the Hh pathway.68, 69 As shown in Figure 7, 12 displayed an higher activity than other Smo antagonists in inhibiting DAOY and 22Rv1 cell proliferation (Figures 7a and b, d and e), consistent with the significant decrease of Gli1 mRNA levels after treatment (Figures 7c and f). The gene discussed is GLI1; the disease is prostate cancer.