BDNF and Anxiety: Interestingly, BDNF and serotonin, notably through the 5HT-R1A receptors, are necessary for proper wiring of neural circuits during development,48, 49, 50, 51, 52 shaping normal anxiety in adulthood.53 An ontogenic upregulation of Rest4 and associated markers has been previously reported in the mPFC of MS pups, but not in the amygdala or in the hippocampus.27 Here we demonstrate that maternal HFD reversed the MS-induced upregulation of Rest4 and related genes following separation.