Using p16 IHC as a surrogate marker for HR-HPV detection, 12.2% (19 out of 156 cases) of the HNSCC specimen were tested positive with the majority detected in the oropharynx (14 out of 19 cases; 73.7%; p = 0.005). The gene discussed is CDKN2A; the disease is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.