Although there are a large number of signaling pathways like TLR, TNF, TGF-β and Wnt that cooperate to modulate the promotion of HCC, many signaling pathways mentioned above seem to converge to the NF-κB pathway to exert their oncogenic effects, highlighting the crucial role of the NF-κB pathway. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.