TLR9 and ovarian carcinoma: Blocking PD-1/PDL-1 immune checkpoint molecules by anti-PD or anti-PD-L1 antibodies in combination with GVAX, FVAX immunotherapy (GM-CSF or FLT3 expressing irradiated tumor cells) alone or followed by a-4-1BB stimulation or TLR9 agonist (CpG 1668) resulted in the rejection of 50% (GVAX-aPD-1 or FVAX-aPD-1) or 75% (GVAX-4-1BB-aPD-L1 or FVAX-4-1BB-aPD-L1) of ID8 ovarian carcinoma tumors in mice.