JUN and hepatocellular carcinoma: The c-jun proto-oncogene encodes the founding member of the AP-1 family.21, 22, 35 C-jun is overexpressed in many human cancers and has been shown to be associated with a diverse range of important cancer characteristics, including cell proliferation,36 invasive capacity,37 angiogenesis38 and drug resistance.39 Disruption of the c-jun gene in murine hepatocytes prevents the emergence of hepatocellular carcinoma,40 and c-jun is sufficient for inducing the anchorage-independent growth of Rat1a cells.41 We analyzed the FOXK1 promoter using the Promo software.